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حروف اضافه ای که اغلب اشتباه گرفته می شوند
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حروف اضافه ای که اغلب اشتباه گرفته می شوند:
[wptabs type="accordion"] [wptabcontent]387 Except for Besides/As well as[/wptabcontent] [wptabcontent] Don't say: I have other books except these. Say: I have other books besides/as well as these (= in addition to these). Note: Except means to leave out: Everyone was present except John. [/wptabcontent] [wptabcontent]388 By for With.[/wptabcontent] [wptabcontent] Don't say: The man shot the bird by a gun. Say: The man shot the bird with a gun. When you warn to show the means or the instrument with which the action is done, use with. By denotes the order of the action: The bird was shot by the man. Note: The following take by and not with : by hand, by post, by phone, by one's watch, by the hour, by the dozen, by the metre. [/wptabcontent] [wptabcontent]389 From for By.[/wptabcontent] [wptabcontent] Don't say: Mary' was punished from her father. Say: Mary was punished by her father. Use by (not from) after the passive form to show the doer of the action. [/wptabcontent] [wptabcontent]390 From for Of or In.[/wptabcontent] [wptabcontent] Don't say: He's the tallest from all the boys. Say: He's the tallest of all the boys. Or: He's the tallest boy in the class. Precede adjectives (or adverbs) in the superlative degree by the and follow them by of or in. [/wptabcontent] [wptabcontent]391 For for About.[/wptabcontent] [wptabcontent] Don't say: The teacher spoke for bad habits, Say: The teacher spoke about bad habits. Don't use for in the sense of about . The chief use of for is to convey the idea of being in favour of. If we say that the teacher spoke for bad habits it's like saying that he/she spoke in favour of bad habits! [/wptabcontent] [wptabcontent]392 Since for For.[/wptabcontent] [wptabcontent] Don't say: She's lived here since two years Say:. She's lived here for two years. Place the preposition for before word s or phrases denoting a period of time : for thre e days, for six weeks , for tw o years , for a fe w minutes, for a long time . Use it wit h any tense except the present. Note : For is ofte n omitted . We can say: I've bee n here for tw o years or I've bee n here tw o years . [/wptabcontent] [wptabcontent]393 From for Since.[/wptabcontent] [wptabcontent] Don't say: Ian's been ill from last Friday. Say: Ian's been ill since last Friday. Place the preposition since before words or phrases denoting a point in time: since Monday, since yesterday, since eight o'clock, since Christmas. When we use since, the verb is usually in the present perfect tense, but it may be in the past perfect: I was glad to see Tom. I hadn't seen him since last Christmas. Note: From can also denote a point in time, but it must be followed by to or till: He works from eight o'clock till one o'clock without a break. [/wptabcontent] [wptabcontent]394 After for In.[/wptabcontent] [wptabcontent] Don't say: I may be able to go after a week. Say: I may be able to go in a week. Or: I may be able to go in a week's time. When speaking of a period of time in the future, use in, and not after. Here in means after the end of. [/wptabcontent] [wptabcontent]395 In for Within.[/wptabcontent] [wptabcontent] Don't say: I'll come back in an hour - if you mean before the end of an hour. Say: I'll come back within an hour. In means after the end of, withi n means before the end of. [/wptabcontent] [/wptabs]